Catholic Perspective on Why Public Law 102-14 and Associated Noahide Laws and Proclamations Are Offensive, Inaccurate, and Should Be Repealed (Text to Laws Included)
SCROLL DOWN TO SEE TEXT OF 12 LAWS & 5 PROCLAMATIONS AFTER ESSSAY
- Misrepresentation of American Foundations and Values
The laws assert that “the Noahide Laws are the bedrock of society and are the basis upon which the United States was founded,” that they are “the cornerstone of society,” and that “without the Noahide Laws civilization stands in peril of returning to chaos.” These claims are historically inaccurate. The United States was founded on a blend of Christian principles, Enlightenment ideals, and common law traditions, as evidenced by the Declaration of Independence’s reference to “the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God” and the Constitution’s secular framework. The Noahide Laws, derived from Talmudic tradition (Sanhedrin 56a), were unknown to the Founding Fathers and played no role in shaping American governance. From a pre-Vatican II perspective, the assertion that a Jewish legal code underpins a Christian nation is offensive, as it sidelines the Gospel’s influence, which the Church holds as the true foundation of moral order (Roman Catechism, Part III, on the Decalogue). The proclamations’ claim that “the Noahide Laws are a moral code for all regardless of religious faith” and “universal norms of ethical conduct” further distorts reality, imposing a religious framework on a pluralistic society, contrary to the First Amendment’s prohibition on establishing religion. - Exaggerated Crisis and Duty
The laws warn that “society is concerned with the weakening of the principles of the Noahide Laws,” that “a society which fails to recognize or adhere to the Noahide Laws cannot endure,” and that “the weakening of the Noahide Laws have created a crisis which threatens the fabric of society.” These statements are alarmist and baseless, lacking evidence of a societal crisis tied to an obscure Jewish code. They also impose a “nation’s responsibility to transmit the ethics of the Noahide Laws to the generation of the future” and call for “occasional reminders” of this duty. Such mandates are offensive to Catholics, who hold that the Church, not a secular state, is tasked with transmitting divine truth through Christ’s teachings (Matthew 28:19–20; Satis Cognitum, 1896). The proclamations’ assertion that “the Noahide Laws are the essence of education at its best” and should be passed to “all young Americans” further encroaches on religious liberty, promoting a specific religious ethic in public education, which violates the First Amendment’s free exercise clause. - Promotion of Noahide Laws as Triumphant and Universal
The laws claim that “America has recently witnessed the beginning of the triumph of the Noahide Laws through wonders around the world of biblical proportions” and that “sharing and education represent two pillars of the Noahide Laws.” These statements are offensive, as they elevate a Jewish legal code above the Gospel, which Catholics hold as the fulfillment of God’s law (Matthew 5:17; Roman Catechism, Part I, on the Creed). The proclamations’ listing of six Noahide Laws by President George H. W. Bush—including prohibitions against murder, robbery, adultery, blasphemy, and greed, plus establishing courts—implies a universal moral standard, yet omits the idolatry prohibition, which Noahides use to condemn Catholic Trinitarian worship (Sanhedrin 63b). This selective endorsement is inaccurate, as it masks Noahidism’s anti-Christian bias, and offensive, as it aligns with a system that rejects Christ’s divinity (John 10:30). - Veneration of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson
The laws and proclamations laud Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, as “universally respected and revered,” ascribing to him “world leadership of the Lubavitch movement and spiritual guidance of world Jewry,” reflected in an “international scroll signed by the President and other heads of state.” They call for world leaders to sign “similar scrolls” acknowledging Schneerson’s leadership, with the Department of State aiding this effort, and designate his birthday as “National Day of Reflection,” “Education Day, U.S.A.,” or “Education and Sharing Day, U.S.A.” These statements are deeply offensive due to Schneerson’s controversial teachings, which include derogatory claims about non-Jews, such as their souls originating from “satanic spheres” (Likkutei Sichot, Vol. 2, p. 349). From a pre-Vatican II perspective, honoring a figure who disparages non-Jews and rejects Christ’s mediatorship (Mishneh Torah, Hilchot Melachim 11:4) is an affront to Catholic truth, which upholds the dignity of all created in God’s image (Genesis 1:26–27; Rerum Novarum, 1891). The proclamations’ claim that Schneerson “exemplified the values of the Noahide Laws” and “provides a vivid example of the eternal validity” of these laws is inaccurate, given his divisive rhetoric, and offensive, as it elevates a human leader over Christ, the “King of kings” (Revelation 19:16). - Endorsement of Lubavitch and Noahide Programs
The laws praise the Lubavitch movement for “fostering and promoting the values of the Noahide Laws throughout the world,” initiating programs of “turn and return” and “education of giving” to “return the world” to these values, reflected in an “international scroll signed by the President and other heads of state.” The proclamations assert that the Lubavitch movement and Schneerson “have shown Americans of every faith that true education involves not simply what one knows, but how one lives,” with the Noahide Laws as their “lodestar.” These endorsements are offensive, as they promote a religious movement that rejects Catholic doctrine, particularly the Trinity and Incarnation (Sanhedrin 63b), and inaccurate, as they exaggerate the Noahide Laws’ influence on American values. The First Amendment prohibits government favoritism toward any religion, and endorsing Lubavitch programs risks entangling state and religion, especially when these programs advance anti-Christian teachings (Sanhedrin 59a, death for Torah study).
- Theological Incompatibility: From a pre-Vatican II perspective, the Noahide Laws are incompatible with Catholic doctrine, as they deny Christ’s divinity and the Church’s necessity (Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus, Unam Sanctam, 1302). Their recognition as the “cornerstone of society” elevates a flawed system over the Gospel, offending Catholics who hold Christ as the foundation of moral order (1 Corinthians 3:11; Roman Catechism, Part I). The veneration of Schneerson, whose teachings disparage non-Jews, is particularly egregious, contradicting the universal dignity affirmed by Pope Leo XIII (Rerum Novarum, 1891).
- Historical and Factual Errors: The claims that Noahide Laws founded the United States or that their weakening threatens chaos are baseless, misrepresenting America’s Christian and Enlightenment heritage. These inaccuracies mislead the public and distort the nation’s identity, necessitating correction through repeal.
- Constitutional Violations: The laws’ endorsement of Noahide Laws and Lubavitch programs violates the First Amendment by favoring a religious code and movement, threatening religious liberty. The idolatry and blasphemy prohibitions, which target Catholic worship (Sanhedrin 63b), risk chilling free exercise, while the state’s role in promoting Schneerson’s leadership breaches establishment neutrality.
- Symbolic Harm: Though symbolic, these laws send a dangerous message, legitimizing a system that rejects Christ and could pave the way for further religious entanglement, as seen in proposals for Noahide-based interfaith documents (The Forward, 09/22/2015). Repealing them would affirm America’s commitment to religious freedom and historical accuracy.
- The laws inaccurately claim Noahide Laws as America’s foundation, ignoring its Christian and Enlightenment roots.
- They promote a religious code that condemns Catholic worship, threatening religious liberty under the First Amendment.
- The veneration of Schneerson, whose teachings disparage non-Jews, is divisive and inappropriate for public endorsement.
- Repeal is a symbolic act that corrects historical errors and upholds constitutional neutrality.
TEXTS OF LAWS & PROCLAMATIONS
THE LAWS
Whereas the Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles which, from the dawn of civilization when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws, have been the bedrock of society without which the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is presently profoundly concerned with the weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
and Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility of transmitting these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future, and need occasional reminder of this duty and privilege: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That the President is authorized to issue a proclamation designating April 4, 1982, which this year coincides with the eightieth birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, universally respected and revered leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, who has done so much to foster and promote these ethical values and principles, as the "National Day of Reflection".
Approved April 3, 1982.
Signed By Ronald Reagan
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson is the universally respected and revered leader of the Lubavitch movement, and his eighty-second birthday falls on April 13, 1984:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That April 13, 1984, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 13,1984.
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the World; and Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-third birthday falls on April 2, 1985:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 2, 1985, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 4, 1985.
Signed by President Ronald Reagan
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the World; and
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-fourth birthday falls on April 20,1986:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That April 20, 1986, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and headof the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such daywith appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 22, 1986.
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-fifth birthday falls on April 10,1987;
Whereas in tribute to this great spiritual leader, "the rebbe" this, his eighty-fifth year will be seen as the year of "turn and return", the year in which we turn to an education which will return the world to the moral and ethnical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws; and
Whereas this will be reflected in an international scroll of honor signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state. Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 10, 1987, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. We also call on heads of state of the world to join our President in this tribute by signing the international scroll of honor which will be presented in their respective countries this year of "celebration 85".
Approved April 17, 1987.
Signed By Ronald Reagan
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-sixth year will be seen as the year of continued "turn and return", the year in which we continue to turn to an education which will return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws; and
Whereas this is reflected in the "international scroll of honor" which has been signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That March 29, 1988, the birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. We also call on heads of state of the world to join our President in this tribute by signing the international scroll of honor which will be presented in their respective countries this year of completing "celebration 85".
Approved April 6, 1988.
Signed By Ronald Reagan
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguishedpast to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement through its over one hundred and fifty centers in the United States and many more the world over has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-seventh year will be seen as the year of continued "turn and return", the year in which we continue to turn to an education which will return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas, this year of 1989 (5749 on the Hebrew calendar) is the "40th Anniversary" in which the Rebbe completes the fourth decade since his ascension to the world leadership of the Lubavitch movement and spiritual guidance of world Jewry; and
Whereas this has been reflected in the "international scroll of honor" which has been signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 16, 1989, the eighty-seventh birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, and April 6, 1990, are each designated as "Education Day, U.SA.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe each such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. We also call on heads of state of the world to join our President in this tribute by signing similar scrolls of honor which will be presented in their respective countries this year of the "40th Anniversary". On this occasion we would also welcome the cooperation of the Department of State in extending the good office of the United States missions to the Lubavitcher emissaries.
Approved April 18,1989.
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement through its over one hundred and fifty centers in the United States and many more the world over has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-eighth year will be seen as the year of continued "turn and return", the year in which we continue to turn to an education which will return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas, this year of 1990 (5750 on the Hebrew calendar) is the "Fortieth Anniversary" in which the Rebbe enters the fifth decade since his ascension to the world leadership of the Lubavitch movement and spiritual guidance of world Jewry; and
Whereas this has been reflected in the "International Scroll of Honor" which has been signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 6, 1990, the eighty-eighth birthday of Rabbi Menachem Schneerson, leader and head of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.SA.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. We also call on heads of state of the world to join our President in this tribute by signing similar scrolls of honor which will be presented in their respective countries this year of the "Fortieth Anniversary" entering the fifth decade of leadership. On this occasion we would also welcome the cooperation of the Department of State in extending the good office of the United States missions to the Lubavitcher emissaries.
Approved April 6, 1990.
Signed By George H. W. Bush
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-ninth birthday falls on March 26, 1991;
Whereas in tribute to this great spiritual leader, "the rebbe", this, his ninetieth year will be seen as one of "education and giving", the year in which we turn to education and charity to return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws; and
Whereas this will be reflected in an international scroll of honor signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That March 26, 1991, the start of the ninetieth year of Rabbi Menachem Schneerson, leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved March 20, 1991.
Signed By George H. W. Bush
Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation, the United States of America, was founded;
Whereas President Greorge W. Bush, distinguished leader of our great Nation, stated "Ethical values are the foundation for civilized society. A society that fails to recognize or adhere to them cannot endure.";
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the comerstone of society since the dawn of civilization when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas the Grovemment of the United States and its citizens are committed to the ideals of social equality and the right of each and every person to share in the bounty the world has to offer—ideals deeply rooted in our Nation's history and boldly affirmed by the miraculous changes of the past year;
Whereas our Nation has recently witnessed the beginning triumph of these values through wonders around the world of biblical proportions;
Whereas the end of the Cold War heralds the beginning of an era where individual rights and human dignity become paramount and where the dream of a world in which material and spiritual deprivation is replaced by human kindness and compassion becomes a reality;
Whereas the absolute necessity of mutual responsibility and concern for the needy has been of particular concern to "the Rebbe", Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement; Whereas the Lubavitch movement, through the establishment of over 1,000 social welfare and educational institutions throughout the world under the leadership of "the Rebbe", has long supported and promoted dedication to education and selfless concern for others;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson has recently issued a worldwide call for a revitalized dedication to loving kindness, charity, and sharing between man and his fellow man;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson is universally revered by all faiths, respected as spiritual leader of world Jewry, and his 90th birthday falls on April 14,1992;
Whereas in tribute to this great spiritual leader, "the Rebbe", his birthday will be designated as "Education and Sharing Day U.S.A" and this year, his 91st, will mark a new beginning in an age-old commitment to education, accompanied by an increase in general acts of sharing with another, in order to return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws; and
Whereas this will be reflected in an international scroll of honor signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That April 14, 1992, the birthday and the start of the 91st year of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education and Sharing Day, U.S-A". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 13, 1992.
Signed by George H. W. Bush
Whereas the Congress recognizes that ethical teachings and values have played a prominent role in the foundation of civilization and in the history of our great Nation;
Whereas President William J. Clinton has indicated that ethical considerations will inform all of the decisions of his Administration;
Whereas ethical teachings and values have formed the cornerstone of society since the dawn of civilization and found expression in the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas sharing and education represent two pillars of these Laws and of ethical conduct;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the leader of the Lubavitch movement, is revered worldwide for the contributions he has made to education and sharing;
Whereas the 2,000 educational, social, and rehabilitative institutions administered by Lubavitch advance these ideals for the millions of people whom they serve each year;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson has interpreted, in the miraculous events of our times, the increasing vitality of these ideals for the furtherance of human understanding and betterment;
Whereas the extraordinary life and work of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson have long been acknowledged by the Congress through the enactment of Joint Resolutions designating his birthday in each of the last 15 years as "Education Day, U-S-A.";
Whereas the Lubavicher Rebbe's 91st birthday falls on April 2, 1993;
Whereas in tribute to this esteemed spiritual leader, the Lubavicher Rebbe's birthday will be designated as "Education and Sharing Day, U.S.A."; and
Whereas such designation will signal a renewal of our Nation's commitment to greater acts of charity, to an enriched emphasis on education, and to the furtherance of ethical teachings and values in the affairs of government and in the lives of our citizens:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That April 2, 1993, the birthday, and the culmination of the celebration of the 90th birthday year, of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education and Sharing Day, U-S-A". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 12, 1993.
Signed By William Clinton
Whereas the Congress recognizes that ethical teachings and values have played a prominent role in the foundation of civilization and in the history of our great Nation;
Whereas President William J. Clinton has indicated that ethical considerations should inform the decisions of Society;
Whereas ethical teachings and values have formed the cornerstone of society since the dawn of civilization and found expression in the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas sharing and education represent 2 pillars of these laws and ethical conduct;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the leader of the Lubavitch movement, is revered worldwide for the contributions he has made to education and sharing;
Whereas the over 2,000 educational, social, and rehabilitative centers administered by the Lubavitch movement advance these ideals for the millions of people whom they serve each year;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson has interpreted, in the miraculous events of our times, the increasing vitality of these ideals for the furtherance of human understanding and betterment;
Whereas the extraordinary life and work of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson have long been acknowledged by the Congress through the enactment of joint resolutions designating his birthday in each of the last 16 years as "Education and Sharing Day, U-S-A.";
Whereas the Lubavitcher Rebbe's 92nd birthday falls on March 23, 1994;
Whereas in tribute to this esteemed spiritual leader, the Lubavitcher Rebbe's birthday will be designated as "Education and Sharing Day, U.S.A.; and
Whereas such designation will signal a renewal of our Nation's commitment to greater acts of charity, to an enriched emphasis on education, and to the furtherance of ethical teachings and values in the affairs of government and in the lives of our citizens:
Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That March 23, 1994, the 92nd birthday of the Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as "Education and Sharing Day, U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
Approved April 6, 1994.
Signed by President Bill Clinton
THE PROCLAMATIONS
Proclamation 4921 of April 3,1982
National Day of Reflection By the President of the United States of America 'A Proclamation
Amid the distractions and concerns of our,daily existence, it is appropriate that Americans pause to reflect upon the ancient ethical principles and moral values which are the foundation of our character as a nation.
We seek, and steadfastly pursue, the benefits of education. But education must be more than factual enlightenment—it must enrich the character as well as the mind.
One shining example for people of all faiths of what education ought to be is that provided by the Lubavitch movement, headed by Rabbi Menachem Schneerson, a worldwide spiritual leader who will celebrate his 80th birthday on April 4, 1982. The Lubavitcher Rebbe's work stands as a reminder that knowledge is an unworthy goal unless it is accompanied by moral and spiritual wisdom and understanding. He has provided a vivid example of the eternal validity of the Seven Noahide Laws, a moral code for all of us regardless of religious faith. May he go from strength to strength. In recognition of the Lubavitcher Rebbe's 80th birthday, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States in Congress assembled have issued House Joint Resolution 447 to set aside April 4, 1982, as a "National Day of Reflection."
NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim April 4, 1982, as National Day of Reflection. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 3rd day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-two, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixth.
RONALD REAGAN
Education Day, U.S.A., 1984
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation
Throughout our history, Americans have recognized that education is vital to our Nation's future. Our educational system has always done far more than simply train people for a given job or profession; it has equipped generation upon generation of young men and women for lives of responsible citizenship, by helping to teach them the basic ethical values and principles that are both our heritage as a free people and the foundation of civilized life.
As the beneficiaries of that heritage, we bear a corresponding responsibility to ensure that the moral values on which freedom rests continue to be transmitted to each successive generation of Americans.
If our educational efforts are rooted in first principles—that human life is sacred; that men and women should be treated as individuals, with certain fundamental rights and responsibilities; that respect for law is crucial to the survival of freedom—then our children and our children's children will share, as we have, in the blessings of liberty.
The Lubavitch movement, headed by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, has provided people of all faiths a shining example of the true value of education. The Lubavitcher Rebbe's work is a living reminder that knowledge is worthy only when accompanied by moral and spiritual wisdom and understanding.
In fostering and promoting a tradition of ethical values that can trace its roots to the Seven Noahide Laws, which have often been cited as universal norms of ethical conduct and a guarantee of fundamental human rights, the Lubavitch movement and its greatly respected leader have shown Americans of every faith that true education involves not simply what one knows, but how one lives.
In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's contributions and in honor of his 82nd birthday on the 11th day of the Jewish month Nisan, which falls this year on April 13, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 520, has designated April 13, 1984, as "Education Day, U.S.A.," and has authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation.
Proclamation 5317 of April 4, 1985
Education Day, U.S.A., 1985
By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation
In order to achieve its highest goals, education must be more than just a training in facts and figures, or even in basic skills, as important as they are. It must also include instruction in the deepest ethical values of our civilization.
Very few Americans have done more to promote these ethical values as the basis of civilization than Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement. The word "Lubavitch" comes from the name of a Russian city and means city of love. That is very appropriate because, of all the ethical values which inform our civilization, none is more important than love—love of wisdom, love of our fellowman, and love of our Creator.
These are the values which Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson exemplifies. And they are the values, with their roots in the Seven Noahide Laws, which have guided the Lubavitch movement throughout its history. They are the essence of education at its best, and we should be certain that we pass on this precious heritage to all young Americans.
In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's contributions and in honor of his 83rd birthday, which falls this year on April 2, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 186, has designated April 2, 1985, as "Education Day, U.S.A." and authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation in observance of this event.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim Tuesday, April 2, 1985, as Education Day, U.S.A., and I call upon the people of the United States, and in particular our teachers and other educational leaders, to observe that day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 4th day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and ninth.
RONALD REAGAN
Education Day, U.S.A., 1986
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation
From earliest colonial days, Americans have always known that education is the golden key that opens the door to achievement and progress. This Administration has placed renewed emphasis on excellence in education, and already the results are encouraging. By setting high standards we challenge the young to stretch their mental muscles and strive to achieve the best that is in them. Such an education succeeds because it makes learning an adventure.
Education is like a diamond with many facets: it includes the basic mastery of numbers and letters that give us access to the treasury of human knowledge, accumulated and refined through the ages; it includes technical and vocational training as well as instruction in science, higher mathematics, and humane letters. But no true education can leave out the moral and spiritual dimensions of human life and human striving. Only education that addresses this dimension can lead to that blend of compassion, humility, and understanding that is summed up in one word: wisdom.
"Happy the man," Scripture tells us, "who finds wisdom. . . . Her ways are ways of pleasantness, and all her paths are peace. She is a tree of life to those who come to possess her."
The Congress has sought to call attention to these durable values by adopting resolutions that pay tribute to the example of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, a man who has dedicated his life to the search for wisdom and to guiding others along its pathways. He exemplifies the rich tradition ofthe Seven Noahide Laws, which have been the lodestar of the Lubavitch movement from its inception.
In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's noble achievements and in celebration of his 84th birthday, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 582, has designated April 20 as "Education Day, U.S.A." and authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation in observance of this event.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, RONALD REAGAN, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim Sunday, April 20, 1986, as Education Day, U.S.A., and I call upon the people of the United States, and in particular our teachers and other educational leaders, to observe that day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-six, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and tenth.
RONALD REAGAN
Education Day, U.S.A., 1989 and 1990
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation
Ethical values are the foundation for civilized society. A society that
fails to recognize or adhere to them cannot endure.
The principles of moral and ethical conduct that have formed the basis for all civilizations come to us, in part, from the centuries-old Seven Noahide Laws. The Noahide Laws are actually seven commandments given to man by God, as recorded in the Old Testament. These commandments include prohibitions against murder, robbery, adultery, blasphemy, and greed, as well as the positive order to establish courts of justice.
Through the leadership of Rabbi Menachem Schneerson and the worldwide Lubavitch movement, the Noahide Laws—and standards of conduct duly derived from them—have been promulgated around the globe.
It is fitting that we honor Rabbi Schneerson and acknowledge his important contributions to society. Our great Nation takes just pride in its dedication to the principles of justice, equality, and truth. Americans also understand that we have a responsibility to inspire the same dedication in future generations. We owe a tremendous debt to Rabbi Schneerson and to all those who promote education that embraces moral and ethical values and emphasizes their importance.
In recognition of Rabbi Schneerson's vital efforts, and in celebration of his 87th birthday, the Congress, by House Joint Resolution 173, has designated April 16, 1989, and April 6, 1990, as "Education Day, U.S.A." and has authorized and requested the President to issue an appropriate proclamation in observance of these days.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, GEORGE BUSH, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim April 16, 1989, and April 6, 1990, as Education Day, U.S.A. I invite Governors from every State and Territory, commimity leaders, teachers, and all Americans to observe these days through appropriate events and activities.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and eighty-nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirteenth. -
GEORGE BUSH
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